What happened in 1856?
231 recorded events in 1856, including 97 in people, 46 in economy & trade and 24 in architecture & engineering. A further 2 events are dated only to the wider period.
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Wars & Conflicts 14
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Second Opium War
1856–1860 war between British–French forces and China
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Battle of Santa Rosa
1856 Filibuster War battle in Nicaragua
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Battle of Jiangnan
1856 battle of the Taiping Rebellion
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Battle of Black Jack
1856 battle
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Battle of Osawatomie
1856 battle of the Bleeding Kansas era
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Battle of the Pearl River Forts
1856 naval battle
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Second Battle of Rivas
1856 battle of the Filibuster War
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Second Herat War
Successful Qajar Iran siege on Herat in 1856
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Battle of the Bogue
1856 battle
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Battle of Canton
1856 fought in the Second Opium War
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Battle of Ndondakusuka
1856 battle between Zulu factions
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Battle of Seattle
Attack by Native Americans upon Seattle in 1856
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Capture of the French Folly Fort
British attack on and capture of French Folly Fort on 6 November 1856 in the Pearl River in what is now Guangzhou, China
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Action of 23 November 1856
Minor naval engagement during the Filibuster War between the Nicaraguan (Filibusters) schooner Granada and the Costa Rican brig Once de Abril, which took place off San Juan del Sur, Nicaragua
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Politics & Government 4
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Treaty of Paris
1856 treaty
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Paris Declaration Respecting Maritime Law
1856 treaty
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Anglo-Moroccan Treaty of 1856
1856 treaty between Morocco and the United Kingdom
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Treaty of Bogotá
Treaty between New Granada and Ecuador
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People 97
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Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky died
Russian mathematician (1792–1856)
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Amedeo Avogadro died
Italian scientist
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Joseph von Hammer-Purgstall died
Austrian explorer, translator, diplomat, orientalist (1774-1856)
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John Ross died
Scottish naval officer and polar explorer (1777–1856)
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Dalai Lama 11 Khedrub Gyatso died
11th Dalai Lama (1838–1856)
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Ľudovít Štúr died
Slovak poet, philosopher, linguist, publicist, politician and writer (1815–1856)
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William Buckland died
English clergyman, geologist and palaeontologist (1784-1856)
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Frederick William Beechey died
English naval officer and hydrographer (1796-1856)
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Johan August Wahlberg died
Swedish zoologist (1810-1856)
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Phillip Parker King died
British Royal Navy officer and early explorer of the Australian and Patagonian coasts (1791–1856)
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Adolphe Adam died
French composer (1803–1856)
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Farkas Bolyai died
Hungarian mathematician
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Charles Frédéric Gerhardt died
French chemist (1816-1856)
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Frederik Liebmann died
Danish botanist (1813-1856)
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Eduard Vogel died
German explorer (1829-1856)
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Nathaniel Jarvis Wyeth died
American explorer and inventor (1802-1856)
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Edward Adams died
English surgeon and naturalist (1824–1856)
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Jean Bachelot La Pylaie died
French botanist (1786-1856)
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Alexander Ross died
Canadian fur trader and author
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Baron Wilhelm von Biela died
Austrian astronomer
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Jacques Philippe Marie Binet died
French mathematician (1786-1856)
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Christian Samuel Weiss died
German mineralogist (1780-1856)
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Johann Nepomuk von Fuchs died
German chemist and mineralogist (1774-1856)
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Elisha Collier died
American inventor of the flintlock revolver
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Alfred Victor du Pont died
American chemist and industrialist (1798–1856)
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Thaddeus William Harris died
United States librarian and entomologist (1795-1856)
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Robert L. Stevens died
American railroad pioneer
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Eduard Simon died
German chemist
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Juan Manuel Cajigal y Odoardo died
Venezuelan mathematician and politician (1803–1856)
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Auguste Drapiez died
French naturalist (1778-1856)
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Albert Prisse died
Belgian engineer (1788-1856)
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John Locke died
American photographer and botanist (1792-1856)
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François Jaubert de Passa died
French engineer
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George Steers died
American shipbuilder
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Rodolfo Vantini died
Italian architect (1792-1856)
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Simeon Borden died
American civil engineer (1798-1856)
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Cyrus Alger died
American arms manufacturer and inventor (1782-1856)
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James C. Crow died
British chemist
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Sir William Symonds died
British Royal Navy admiral (1782-1856)
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John Henry Manny died
American inventor (1825–1856)
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James Hann died
British mathematician
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Samuel Clegg died
British civil engineer
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Isaac Weld died
Irish writer, explorer and artist (1774–1856)
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Jacques Delisse died
French botanist and pharmacist (1773-1856)
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William H. Willson died
American politician (1805-1856)
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Josef Kajetán Tyl died
Czech poet, playwright, publicist, writer, historic literature writer and lyricist (1808-1856)
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Florestan, Prince of Monaco died
Monarch of Monaco (1785-1856)
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Nicolas-Charles Bochsa died
French composer and harpist
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Lucia Elizabeth Vestris died
British actress, theatre manager and contralto (1797-1856)
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Anna Gottlieb died
Austrian singer
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Anna Nielsen died
Danish actor and opera singer (1803-1856)
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Alexandre Fessy died
French musician (1804–1856)
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Joseph M. Field died
American actor and dramatist (1810-1856)
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Joseph Meissonnier died
French music publisher, composer and guitarist
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Maria Sergeyevna Griboedova died
Wife of Aleksey Mikhailovich Durnovo
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Melanie Lewy died
Austrian harpist
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Eliza Ann Vincent died
British actress and theatre manager (1815–1856)
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Woodrow Wilson born
Born in Staunton. President of the United States from 1913 to 1921 (1856–1924).
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Philippe Pétain born
Born in Cauchy-à-la-Tour. French military and political leader (1856–1951).
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Ivan Franko born
Born in Nahuievychi. Ukrainian poet and writer (1856–1916).
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L. Frank Baum born
Born in Chittenango. American author of children's books (1856–1919).
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Georgi Plekhanov born
Born in Gudalovka. Russian philosopher (1856–1918).
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H. Rider Haggard born
Born in Bradenham. English adventure novelist (1856–1925).
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Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg born
Born in Hohenfinow. German politician (1856–1921).
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Robert Peary born
Born in Cresson. Explorer from the United States (1856–1920).
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Booker T. Washington born
Born in Hale's Ford. African-American educator, author, orator, and advisor (1856-1915).
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Bal Gangadhar Tilak born
Born in Ratnagiri. Indian nationalist leader, writer and journalist (1856–1920).
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Elbert Green Hubbard born
Born in Bloomington. American writer, publisher, artist, and philosopher.
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Frank B. Kellogg born
Born in Potsdam. American politician (1856-1937).
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Alfred Deakin born
Born in Melbourne. Australian politician (1856–1919).
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Charles Émile Picard born
Born in Paris. French mathematician (1856-1941).
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Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich of Russia born
Born in Saint Petersburg. Russian general (1856-1929); son of Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich the Elder and Duchess Alexandra of Oldenburg.
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Jean Moréas born
Born in Athens. Greek writer (1856–1910).
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Yu Kil-chun born
Born in Seoul. Korean politician (1856-1914).
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Eduard von Böhm-Ermolli born
Born in Ancona. Austro-Hungarian general (1856-1941).
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Marcelino Menéndez y Pelayo born
Born in Santander. Spanish scholar (1856–1912).
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Vasily Rozanov born
Born in Vetluga. Russian philosopher (1856-1919).
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Maurice Sarrail born
Born in Carcassonne. French general (1856–1929).
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Naftali Herz Imber born
Born in Zolochiv. Jewish poet, writer (1856–1909).
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Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi born
Born in Bareilly. Indian Islamic scholar and reformer, regarded as a founder of the Barelvi movement (1856–1921).
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Svetozar Boroević born
Born in Mečenčani. Austro-Hungarian field marshal.
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Archduke Friedrich, Duke of Teschen born
Born in Židlochovice. Austrian archduke (1856-1936).
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Mahmud Shevket Pasha born
Born in Baghdad. 212nd Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire (1856–1913).
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Stepa Stepanović born
Born in Kumodraž. Serbian field marshal (1856-1929).
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Narayana Guru born
Born in Chempazhanthy. Indian spiritual leader and social reformer (1856–1928).
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Karl Lamprecht born
Born in Jessen (Elster). German historian (1856–1915).
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Hermann von François born
Born in Luxembourg. German general (1856–1933).
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Aleksander Brückner born
Born in Ternopil. Polish linguist and lexicographer (1856–1939).
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Karolina Widerström born
Born in Helsingborgs Maria church parish. Swedish gynecologist (1856–1949).
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A. D. Gordon born
Born in Troianiv. Russian-Jewish philosopher, worker, and educator.
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Vernon Lee born
Born in Boulogne-sur-Mer. Essayist, short-story writer, activist (1856-1935).
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Helene von Druskowitz born
Born in Hietzing. Austrian writer and philosopher (1856–1918).
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Yuly Shokalsky born
Born in Saint Petersburg. Russian oceanographer.
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Jens Bratlie born
Born in Nordre Land Municipality. 13th Prime Minister of Norway (1856–1939).
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Pierre Decourcelle born
Born in boulevard Saint-Martin. French writer and playwright (1856–1926).
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Georg von der Marwitz born
Born in Słupsk. German general (1856–1929).
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William Archer born
Born in Perth. Scottish critic and translator (1856–1924).
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Science & Technology 14
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Carlton Gardens
Garden in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Auburn University
Public university in Auburn, Alabama, United States
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Niagara University
Private Catholic university in Lewiston, New York, USA
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Lviv National Environmental University
University in Dublyany, Lviv oblast, Ukraine
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Bambouseraie de Prafrance
Botanical garden in france, specialty: bamboo
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Litchfield Observatory
Litchfield Observatory (Science & Technology).
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Smallpox Hospital
Former hospital in New York, United States
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Iași Botanical Garden
Garden in Romania
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Wilberforce University
Historically black university located in Wilberforce, Ohio, U.S.
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Orto Botanico dell'Università di Siena
Botanical garden in Italy
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Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango
Public university in Durango, Mexico
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Arts University Plymouth
University in Plymouth, UK
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Jeffery Hale Saint Brigid's Hospital
Hospital in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
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Hospital of St John and St Elizabeth
Catholic hospital in London
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Exploration & Discovery 2
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Neanderthal 1
Neanderthal fossils
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Abakan iron ore deposit
Iron ore deposit in Khakassia near the city of Abaza, Russia
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Religion & Belief Systems 21
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Ortaköy Mosque
Mosque in İstanbul, Turkey
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Trinity Church
Church in Russia, Russia
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Nurul Iman Mosque of Koto Gadang
Mosque in West Sumatra, Indonesia
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Our Lady of the Incarnation Cathedral, San Miguel de Tucumán
Church in San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
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Great Synagogue in Brno
Great Synagogue in Brno (Religion & Belief Systems).
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Basilica di Santa Maria Immacolata
Church building in Genoa, Italy
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Synagogue of Bistrița
Heritage site in Bistriţa-Năsăud County, Romania
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Singers Hill Synagogue
Synagogue in Birmingham, West Midlands, England, UK
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Sinagoga Israelitica
Building in Reggio nell’Emilia, Italy
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Saint John's Abbey
Benedictine monastery in Collegeville Township, Minnesota
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Mount Zion Temple
Synagogue in St Paul, Minnesota, United States
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Poltava Philharmonic Society
Poltava Philharmonic Society (Religion & Belief Systems).
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synagogue in Divišov
synagogue in Divišov (Religion & Belief Systems).
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Holy Blossom Temple
Synagogue
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Beth-El Synagogue
Synagogue in Kolkata
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Cemetery Synagogue in Lviv
Cemetery Synagogue in Lviv (Religion & Belief Systems).
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Synagogue in Mogielnica
Synagogue in Mogielnica (Religion & Belief Systems).
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Church of the Transfiguration in Żywiec
Historic church in Żywiec, Silesian Voivodeship, Poland
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Kazan Church, Glebovo
Temple in Glebovo, Russia
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Church of the Protection of the Theotokos (Chern)
Temple, Eastern Orthodox church building, architectural landmark in Chern, Russia
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Madonna del Dragnone
Shrine in Zignago, Italy
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Economy & Trade 46
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Credit Suisse
Swiss multinational banking institution
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Ottoman Bank
Former bank in Turkey
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Uljanik
Shipbuilding company in Pula, Croatia
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Eterna
Swiss luxury watch company
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J. G. Anschütz
Company
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Stanley Gibbons
Company which specialises in the retailing of collectable postage stamps and similar products, founded in 1856
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Banque et Caisse d'Épargne de l'État
Luxembourgian financial institution
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M&T Bank
American bank holding company
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Rand McNally
American publishing company (Chicago)
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Smith & Nephew
A company producing medical equipment
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Pfanner
Austrian beverage producer
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International Bank in Luxembourg
Luxembourgian banking institution
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Ceres Brewery
Danish Brewery
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KWS Saat
Plant breeding and biotechnology company
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British-India Steam Navigation Company
Company
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McEwan's
Scottish brewery
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Berol
Stationery manufacturing company
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Cirio
Italian food company
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Hunter Boot Ltd
Rubber wellington boot and footwear importer
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Ernest Borel
Company
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Warner–Lambert
Defunct drug company
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Phoenix AG
Company
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Stockholm Independent Bank
Swedish bank (1856- 1972)
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Lucchini RS
Company in Brescia, Italy
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Berliner Handels-Gesellschaft
Business
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Lewis's
Defunct British department store chain
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Younkers
American department store chain
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Borneo Company Limited
One of the oldest companies based in East Malaysia
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Morgan Crucible
Manufacturer of advanced ceramic, carbon and composite products
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Greek Steamship Company
Former steamship company (1856-1905)
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Gill
Irish book publisher
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F. Hinds
Jewellery retailing chain
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Newbury Building Society
UK business
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Murphy's Brewery
Brewery in Cork, Ireland
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Metz Brewery
Brewery in Omaha, Nebraska, U.S.
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Read's Department Stores
Now-defunt department store chain
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NBT Bank
American financial institution
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AGL Resources
Company
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Leonardt Ltd.
British metallurgical company
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Blake, Cassels & Graydon
Canadian legal firm
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Thommessen
Norwegian law firm
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Joshua Hendy Iron Works
American engineering company
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Sødring & Co.
Danish manufacturer of artificial mineral water and soft drinks based in Copenhagen
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Cassa di Risparmio di Biella e Vercelli
Italian bank
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Orvis
Family-owned retail and mail-order business specializing in high-end fly fishing, hunting and sporting goods
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McCormick Distilling Company
Distillery in Missouri, U.S.
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Disasters & Pandemics 2
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1856 Heraklion earthquake
Earthquake in the Aegean Sea which caused widespread destruction in the Middle East, North Africa and Southern Europe
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1856 Djijelli earthquakes
Earthquakes in northern Algeria
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Social Movements & Revolutions 2
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Watermelon Riot
1856 riot in Panama City
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Ibicaba Revolt
Brazilian uprising in the 19th century
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Architecture & Engineering 24
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Nordreisa Church
Church in Nordreisa, Norway
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Balsfjord Church
Church in Balsfjord, Norway
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Kistrand Church
Church in Porsanger, Norway
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Garstad Church
Church in Trøndelag, Norway
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Cathedral Basilica of the Immaculate Conception, Mazatlán
Church in Mazatlán, Mexico
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Haga Church
Church of Sweden church building in Gothenburg, Sweden
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Hornindal Church
Church building in Hornindal, Sogn og Fjordane, Norway
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St. George's Anglican Church
Church building in Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis
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Église Saint-Martin-des-Champs
Church located in Paris, in France
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Church of the Nativity of the Virgin
Serbian Orthodox Church in Bogatić, built in 1856 on the foundations where the old church building once stood
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Albion Congregational Church
Church building in Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, England, UK
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St. Basil's Church
Church in Toronto, Ontario, Canada affiliated with St. Michael's College
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Igreja de São Cristóvão
Church in São Paulo
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Saint Joseph's Church
Church building in Albany, New York, United States of America
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Chiesa di San Gaudenzo (Rimini)
Church building in Rimini, Italy
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Maraslis's House
Building in Odesa, Ukraine
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Franklin Presbyterian Church
Church building in North Carolina, United States of America
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St. John's Episcopal Church
Church building in Missouri, United States of America
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Christ Church, Cinderhill
Grade II listed church in Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, England, UK
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St James' Church, New Brighton
Grade II listed church in New Brighton, Wirral, Merseyside, England, UK
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St John the Evangelist's Church, Cadeby
Grade II listed church in Cadeby, Doncaster, South Yorkshire, England, UK
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Church of St James
Church in Baldersby St James, North Yorkshire, England, UK
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Chapel at the Countess of Chester Hospital
Church in Upton-by-Chester, UK
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Biddlestone RC Chapel
Church in Biddlestone, Northumberland, England, UK
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Sports & Entertainment 2
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Solis Theatre
Theatre in Uruguay
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Petros Adamian Tbilisi State Armenian Drama Theatre
Armenian drama theatre in Tbilisi, Georgia
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Empires & Countries 3
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Sultanate of Zanzibar founded
Sultanate of Zanzibar was founded, with its capital at Zanzibar City.
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Bida Emirate dissolved
Bida Emirate ceased to exist, having been centered at Bida.
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Kingdom of Tallo dissolved
Kingdom of Tallo ceased to exist, having been centered at Tallo.
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Dated to the wider period
Wikidata records these 2 entries only to a century, decade or millennium rather than to a specific year. They are listed here because 1856 is where that broader date falls, not because they are known to have happened in 1856.
1850s 2
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St. George's Episcopal Church
Historic church located at 209 East 16th Street at Rutherford Place, on Stuyvesant Square in Manhattan, New York City
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Barnard Observatory
Observatory at the University of Mississippi, USA
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