What happened in 1865?
335 recorded events in 1865, including 114 in people, 80 in economy & trade and 52 in wars & conflicts. A further event is dated only to the wider period.
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Major Events 1
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End of the American Civil War
The Confederacy surrenders, ending the Civil War and leading to the abolition of slavery in the US.
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Wars & Conflicts 52
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Battle of Appomattox Court House
1865 battle of the American Civil War
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Battle of Five Forks
1865 American Civil War history
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Battle of Bentonville
1865 battle of the American Civil War
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Battle of Palmito Ranch
1865 American Civil War battle
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Battle of Sailor's Creek
1865 battle of the American Civil War
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Battle of Waynesboro, Virginia
Battle of the American Civil War in Virginia
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Battle of Fort Stedman
1865 battle of the American Civil War during the Siege of Petersburg
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Battle of Yatay
1865 allied victory in the Paraguayan War
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Third Battle of Petersburg
1865 American civil war battle
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Battle of Papudo
1865 naval battle of the Chincha Islands War
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Battle of Dinwiddie Court House
1865 battle of the American Civil War
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Battle of Lewis's Farm
1865 battle of the American Civil War
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Siege of Uruguaiana
1865 starvation campaign in the Paraguayan War
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Battle of Monroe's Crossroads
1865 American Civil War battle in North Carolina
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Battle of Fort Blakely
1865 siege during the American Civil War
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Battle of High Bridge
1865 battle of the American Civil War
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Battle of Selma
1865 battle of the American Civil War
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Battle of Appomattox Station
1865 battle of the American Civil War
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Battle of Tashkent
Siege during the Russian conquest of Central Asia
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Battle of Wyse Fork
1865 battle of the American Civil War
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Battle of Natural Bridge
1865 battle of the American Civil War
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Battle of Hatcher's Run
1865 battle of the American Civil War
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Battle of Platte Bridge
Battle fought in Wyoming in 1865
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Battle of Wilmington
Series of military operations during the American Civil War
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Battle of Paso de Cuevas
1865 dates of the battle of Paso de Cuevas.
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Second Battle of Fort Fisher
1865 battle of the American Civil War
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Battle of Cumberland Church
1865 battle of the American Civil War
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Battle of Averasborough
1865 battle of the American Civil War
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Battle of the Tongue River
1865 battle
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Battle of la Loma
1865 conflict
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Battle of Anderson
1865 battle of the American Civil War
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Battle of Namozine Church
1865 battle of the American Civil War
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Battle of Tacámbaro
1865 battle
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Battle of Rivers' Bridge
1865 battle of the Western Theater of the American Civil War
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Battle of West Point
1865 battle of the American Civil War
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Battle of Aiken
1865 battle of the American Civil War
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Battle of Amelia Springs
1865 battle of the American Civil War
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Battle of Columbus
1865 battle of the American Civil War
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Battle of Jaguarão
1865 battle of the Uruguayan War
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Battle of the Powder River
1865 killing of 24 Cheyenne in present-day Wyoming
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Battle of Fort Myers
1865 American Civil War battle in Florida
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Battle of Trent's Reach
1865 battle of the American Civil War
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Battle of White Oak Road
1865 battle of the American Civil War
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Battle of Corrientes
1865 battle
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Invasion of Rio Grande do Sul
1865 invasion
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Battle of Spanish Fort
1865 battle of the American Civil War
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Battle of Julesburg
1865 battle
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Battle of Munford
1865 battle in Munford, Alabama
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Battle of Fort Buchanan
1865 attack during the Apache Wars in Arizona
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Battle of James Island
Battle of the American Civil War
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Battle of Ebenezer Church
1865 battle of the American Civil War
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Battle of Morrisville
1865 battle of the American Civil War
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Politics & Government 1
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Gastein Convention
Treaty
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People 114
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William Rowan Hamilton died
Irish mathematician and astronomer (1805-1865)
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Robert Fitzroy died
Royal Navy officer and scientist (1805–1865)
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Heinrich Barth died
German explorer (1821-1865)
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John Richardson died
Scottish naval surgeon, naturalist and arctic explorer (1787–1865)
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John Wilkes Booth died
American stage actor and assassin (1838–1865)
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Louis Pierre Gratiolet died
French zoologist (1815–1865)
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Emil Lenz died
Baltic German physicist (1804-1865)
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Robert Hermann Schomburgk died
German explorer, botanist, and ichthyologist (1804-1865)
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Christian Heinrich Pander died
Baltic German zoologist and palaeontologist (1794-1865)
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Johann Franz Encke died
German astronomer (1791–1865)
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George Phillips Bond died
American astronomer (1825 – 1865)
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Karl Klaus von der Decken died
German explorer (1833-1865)
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Michel Croz died
French mountain climber and guide (1830–1865)
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Louis-Isidore Duperrey died
French explorer (1786-1865)
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Charles Waterton died
English naturalist and explorer (1782-1865)
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Heinrich Agathon Bernstein died
German naturalist, zoologist and explorer (1828-1865)
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Horatio Thomas Austin died
British Royal Navy officer and explorer (1800-1865)
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Edwin De Haven died
Naval officer, arctic explorer (1816-1865)
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Rabbi Joseph Schwarz died
Jewish geographer
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William Henry Smyth died
English naval officer and hydrographer (1788-1865)
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William Sharp Macleay died
British civil servant and entomologist, active in Cuba and New South Wales, Australia (1792–1865)
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Benjamin Gompertz died
British mathematician (1779-1865)
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Adolph Kupffer died
Baltic German physicist and chemist (1799-1865)
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Raffaele Piria died
Italian chemist (1814-1865)
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Samuel Hunter Christie died
British mathematician
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James Beaumont Neilson died
Scottish inventor of the hot-blast process for smelting iron (1792-1865)
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Thomas Hancock died
English manufacturing engineer in the rubber industry (1786-1865)
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Johan Georg Forchhammer died
Danish mineralogist and geologist (1794–1865)
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Giuseppe Domenico Botto died
Italian physicist (1791-1865)
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Sir John Lubbock, 3rd Baronet died
English banker, barrister, mathematician, astronomer (1803–1865)
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Karl Etzel died
Railway engineer from Germany
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Paul-Gustave Froment died
French engineer and inventor (1815–1865)
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John Macadam died
Australian academic (1827-1865)
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Luigi Giura died
Italian architect and engineer (1795–1865)
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Charles Payraudeau died
French zoologist
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Nicholas Wood died
English steam locomotive engineer
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Alan Stevenson died
Scottish lighthouse designer (1807–1865)
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William H. C. Whiting died
Confederate States Army general (1824-1865)
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Francis Fowke died
British engineer and architect (1823–1865)
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James Melville Gilliss died
American astronomer (1811–1865)
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Alessandro Manetti died
Italian engineer and architect (1787-1865)
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Frédéric Petit died
Astronomer
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François Bourdon died
French engineer and politician
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Friedrich Walchner died
German geologist, chemist und mineralogist
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Jean Jacques Colin died
French chemist (1784–1865)
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Georg Sabler died
Russian astronomer (1810-1864)
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Vincenzo Antinori died
Science administrator (1792–1865)
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Nathan Ames died
American poet
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Frederick Walter Simms died
British civil engineer
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Friedrich zu Salm-Horstmar died
German physicist and chemist (1799-1865)
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Jean Thiébault Silbermann died
French physicist (1806–1865)
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Koide Chōjūrō died
Japanese mathematician
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Joseph Gardner Swift died
Superintendent of the United States Military Academy (1783-1865)
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Robert William Sievier died
British artist (1794–1865)
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James Duncan Graham died
American army officer, surveyor and engineer
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Angus McMillan died
Australian explorer and politician (1810-1865)
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Michel Laframboise died
Canadian fur trader
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Heinrich Wilhelm Ernst died
Czech violinist, composer and violist (1814-1865)
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Charles Greville died
English diarist and an amateur cricketer (1794-1865)
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Heinrich Anschütz died
German actor
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Kornelije Stanković died
Serbian composer, pianist and choirmaster (1831–1865)
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Nicolae Filimon died
Romanian writer
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Auguste Crelinger died
German actress (1795–1865)
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Thérèse Wartel died
Composer (1814–1865)
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Harriet Esten died
Actress
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David Claypoole Johnston died
American cartoonist
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Hugo Rothstein died
German gymnast (1810-1865)
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Jenny Vertpré died
French actor
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Maria Silfvan died
Finnish actress (1802–1865)
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Johann Hoffmann died
Austrian singer and theatre director (1803-1865)
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Emile Albert died
French composer and pianist (1822-1865)
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Marco Marcelliano Marcello died
Italian writer, musician and librettist (1820–1865)
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Johann Abraham Nüske died
German composer and guitarist
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John Courtney died
Playwright
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Louis Stanislas Montjoie died
Dancer, actor, and entertainer (1789-1865)
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Rudyard Kipling born
Born in Mumbai. English writer and poet (1865–1936).
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William Butler Yeats born
Born in Sandymount. Irish poet and playwright (1865–1939).
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Warren G. Harding born
Born in Blooming Grove. President of the United States from 1921 to 1923.
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George V born
Born in Marlborough House. King of the United Kingdom from 1910 to 1936.
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Yun Ch'iho born
Born in Asan. Korean independence activist (1864-1945).
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Charles G. Dawes born
Born in Marietta. Vice president of the United States from 1925 to 1929.
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Erich Ludendorff born
Born in Kruszewnia. German Army officer (1865–1937).
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Nellie Bly born
Born in Burrell Township. American journalist.
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Sven Hedin born
Born in Klara Church Parish. Swedish geographer, topographer, explorer, photographer, travel writer and illustrator (1865-1952).
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Ferdinand I of Romania born
Born in Sigmaringen. King of Romania (1865-1927; ruled 1914-1927).
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Kaarlo Juho Ståhlberg born
Born in Suomussalmi. President of Finland (1865-1952).
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Edith Cavell born
Born in Swardeston. British nurse (1865-1915).
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Philipp Scheidemann born
Born in Kassel. German politician (1865-1939).
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Dmitry Merezhkovsky born
Born in Saint Petersburg. Russian novelist, poet, religious thinker, and literary critic (1865–1941).
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Andranik Ozanian born
Born in Şebinkarahisar. Armenian politician and military personnel (1865-1927).
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Rainis born
Born in Dunava. Latvian poet (1865–1929).
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James Henry Breasted born
Born in Rockford. American archaeologist, Egyptologist and historian (1865–1935).
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Rida Muhammad Rashid born
Born in Al-Qalamoun. Syrian Muslim scholar and reformer (1865-1935).
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Wilfrid Voynich born
Born in Telšiai. Polish revolutionary, antiquarian, bibliophile, historian and eponym of Voynich manuscript (1865-1930).
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Bernard Berenson born
Born in Vilnius. American art critic and collector (1865-1959).
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Abraham Isaac Kook born
Born in Grīva. Chief rabbi of British Mandatory Palestine (1865-1935).
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Ernst Troeltsch born
Born in Augsburg-Haunstetten. German philosopher and theologian (1865-1923).
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Prince Eugen, Duke of Närke born
Born in Drottningholm Palace. Painter and prince of Sweden (1865-1947).
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Albrecht, Duke of Württemberg born
Born in Vienna. German Generalfeldmarschall (1865–1939).
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Kazimierz Przerwa-Tetmajer born
Born in Ludźmierz. Polish writer (1865–1940).
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Lucjan Żeligowski born
Born in Ašmiany. Polish officer (1865-1947).
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Gérard Encausse born
Born in A Coruña. Spanish-born French physician, hypnotist, and popularizer of occultism, who founded the modern Martinist Order (1865-1916).
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Tan Sitong born
Born in Beijing. Chinese philosopher (1865-1898).
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Nikola Zhekov born
Born in Sliven. Bulgarian general (1865-1949).
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Max Nettlau born
Born in Neuwaldegg. German anarchist and historian (1865–1944).
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Rüdiger von der Goltz born
Born in Sulechów. German militeary personnel (1865-1946).
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Cândido Rondon born
Born in Santo Antônio de Leverger. Brazilian explorer and officer (1865–1958).
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John Monash born
Born in Melbourne. Australian general (1865–1931).
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Madison Grant born
Born in New York City. American lawyer, eugenicist, and conservationist (1865–1937).
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Mahmud Tarzi born
Born in Ghazni. Afghan politician, secular activist and journalist (1865–1933).
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Prince Friedrich Leopold of Prussia born
Born in Berlin. German royal and general (1865–1931).
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Ali-Agha Shikhlinski born
Born in Aşağı Salahlı. Russian and Azerbaijani general.
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Kan'in Kotohito born
Born in Kyoto. Japanese prince and general (1865–1945).
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Herbert Fisher born
Born in London. British politician (1865-1940).
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Science & Technology 20
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Odesa University
University in Ukraine
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Lehigh University
Private research university in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, United States
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Oxford Brookes University
University in Oxford, England
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Worcester Polytechnic Institute
University in Worcester, Massachusetts
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University of Theatre and Film Arts
Hungarian art school in Budapest
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Saigon Zoo and Botanical Gardens
Zoo in District , Ho Chi Minh City
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Bowie State University
University in Maryland, United States
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Manila Observatory
Observatory in Quezon City, Philippines
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Virginia Union University
Private university in Richmond, Virginia
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Vassar College Observatory
Observatory
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Moscow Polytechnic University
Education organization in Moscow, Russia
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Shaw University
American university
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Hospital Borda
Hospital in Argentina
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Aradale Mental Hospital
Former hospital in Australia
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St. Vincent Charity Medical Center
Hospital in Ohio, United States
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Lincoln College
Private college in Lincoln, Illinois, USA
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Magee College
Campus of Ulster University in Derry, Northern Ireland
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Ottawa University
Private, non-profit, Christian liberal arts university in Ottawa, Kansas, United States
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Dr. Georgi Stranski University Hospital
Hospital in Bulgaria
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Wagga Wagga Base Hospital
Hospital serving the city of Wagga Wagga and Riverina region in the Australian state of New South Wales
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Exploration & Discovery 7
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Western Union Telegraph Expedition
1865-1867 expedition organized by the Smithsonian Institution to Canada, Russian-America (Alaska), and Asia
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Shergotty meteorite
Martian meteorite discovered in India
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Kryvbas
Historical region in Ukraine
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Berel kurgan
Archeological site in eastern Kazakhstan
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Western Union Telegraph Expedition
1865-1867 expedition organized by the Smithsonian Institution to Canada, Russian-America (Alaska), and Asia
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HMS Ganges
Royal Navy shore establishment
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Hydrabad
Hydrabad was an iron cargo and passenger sailing ship
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Religion & Belief Systems 19
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Ben Farès Mosque
Mosque and former synagogue in Algiers, Algeria
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Basilica of Our Lady Help of Christians
Church in Turin, Italy
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Choral Synagogue in Drohobych
Synagogue in Ukraine
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Altunizade Mosque
Mosque in İstanbul, Turkey
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Pécs Synagogue
Synagogue in Pécs, Hungary
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Cetate Synagogue
Synagogue
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St Mary's Cathedral, Perth
Cathedral in Perth, Western Australia
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Isaac M. Wise Temple
Synagogue in Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.
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Cathedral Basilica of Our Lady of Peace
Cathedral in Lomas de Zamora, Argentina
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Synagogue of Arlon
Synagogue in Belgium
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Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception
Cathedral in Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
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Synagogue of Chorzów
Synagogue of Chorzów (Religion & Belief Systems).
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Synagogue of Głubczyce
Synagogue of Głubczyce (Religion & Belief Systems).
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Synagogue in Slaný
Synagogue in Slaný (Religion & Belief Systems).
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Pakandangan Mosque
Mosque in West Sumatra, Indonesia
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Haji Safarali Mosque
Haji Safarali Mosque (Religion & Belief Systems).
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Stift Baumgartenberg
Building in Upper Austria, Austria
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Sinagoga Merarilor din Iași
Heritage site in Iași County, Romania
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St. Michael (Sausenhofen)
Church building in Dittenheim, Middle Franconia, Germany
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Economy & Trade 80
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Nokia
Finnish multinational telecommunications and information technology company
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HSBC
British multinational bank
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BASF
German chemical company with worldwide reach
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Cargill
American-based international food conglomerate
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Zenith
Swiss luxury watchmaker
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New Zealand Exhibition
World fair in Dunedin, New Zealand, 1865
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Vermilion Lake gold rush
Vermilion Lake gold rush (Economy & Trade).
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Pierce-Arrow
American automobile manufacturer
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Allahabad Bank
India national bank
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Yarrow Shipbuilders Limited
British shipbuilding firm
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Southern Pacific Transportation Company
United States Class I railroad (1865–1996)
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The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited
Banking services company based in Hong Kong
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Sun Life Financial
Canadian insurance company
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Rinascente
Company
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Avolta
Company
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Popular Bank of Milan
Italian cooperative bank
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Egypt Post
Governmental agency responsible for postal service in Egypt
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Chicago and North Western Transportation Company
Rail transport company
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Brush Traction
British locomotive manufacturer
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Allen & Ginter
American tobacco company and brand
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Liebig's Extract of Meat Company
British company since 1880s
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Langham Hospitality Group
Hotel operator
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Shapoorji Pallonji Group
Engineering, construction conglomerate based in India
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Siemens Brothers
Historic British Operation of the German born Siemens engineers cluster
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Dynamit Nobel
German chemical and weapons company
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Dyckerhoff & Widmann
Former German construction company
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Costain Group
British construction and engineering public limited company
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Carter's
Major American manufacturer of children's apparel
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Abraham & Straus
Former department store chain
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Pittsburgh Locomotive and Car Works
Manufacturing business co-founded by industrialist Andrew Carnegie in 1865
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Wartski
UK business
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Wander
Swiss food company
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Camerons Brewery
Brewery in Hartlepool, County Durham, England
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Heym
German gun manufacturer established in 1865
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Commerce Bancshares
Bank holding company based in Kansas City, Missouri, United States
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Dege & Skinner
English tailor and shirt-maker
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Companhia União Fabril
One of the largest and oldest Portuguese conglomerates from the 1930s to 1974
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Spiegel
Company
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Yorkshire Engine Company
Former English rolling stock manufacturer
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Reda
Fabric mill
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Rhode Island Locomotive Works
Defunct American manufacturing company (1865–1901); predecessor of American Locomotive Company
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Sächsische Bank zu Dresden
Former German bank
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Duncan & Miller Glass Company
American glass manufacturing company
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Bank of Adelaide
Australian bank
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Destilería Serrallés
Rum producer located in Ponce, Puerto Rico
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John Readhead & Sons
Former shipbuilding company of England
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AS Franz Krull
Company based in Estonia
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Milliken & Company
US diversified industrial manufacturer
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Shayne's Emporium
American clothing and fur retailer
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Robert Hudson Ltd
Defunct British manufacturer of steam locomotives
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Fabryka Obrabiarek do Drewna
Fabryka Obrabiarek do Drewna (Economy & Trade).
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Dyno Nobel
Swedish explosives manufacturer
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Victoria-Jungfrau Collection AG
Swiss hotel company
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American Hotel Register Company
Manufacturer of hospitality industry products
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Furness Building Society
UK business
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Kidder, Peabody & Co.
American securities firm (1865 - 1994)
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BAM Nuttall
British construction company
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Keystone Bridge Company
American bridge building company
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Commercial & Financial Chronicle
US newspaper
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Civil Service Supply Association
Former department store in London
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New Zealand Loan and Mercantile Agency Company
Business
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Bangkok Dock Company
Shipyard
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HarbisonWalker International
Refractory solutions provider
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Ocean Group plc
Former British transport company
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Rich. Andvord
Norwegian company
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Duncan & Fraser
Manufacturer of trams, railway carriages, horse-drawn vehicles, coachbuilder and assembler of motor vehicles
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Edward Borrows and Sons
UK business
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Timpson
British chain of watch repairs and key cutting service shops
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Lofthouse of Fleetwood
British company which makes Fisherman's Friend menthol lozenges
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Dean, Smith & Grace
British manufacturer of lathes and milling machines
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Ashton Gate Brewery Co
Former brewing company based in Bristol, England
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Furtados Music
Retail music store in India
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Charles Reizenstein Company
American glassware and chinaware company
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L. Teweles Seed Co.
Forage seed company in North America
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Marin French Cheese Company
American cheese manufacturer
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Griswold Manufacturing
American manufacturer of cast iron kitchen products
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McAvoy Brewing Company
American brewery
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Hong Kong, Canton & Macao Steamboat Company
British merchant shipping and maritime trading company
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Urmson & Thompson
English company
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Archer & Pancoast Manufacturing Company
Historic business based in New York City
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Disasters & Pandemics 1
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1865 Memphis earthquake
Earthquake in North America
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Social Movements & Revolutions 3
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Morant Bay rebellion
War
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Mito Rebellion
Rebellion against the Shogunate 1864-65
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Leeds dripping riot
1865 riot in Leeds, England
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Architecture & Engineering 27
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Beylerbeyi Palace
Building in Istanbul, Turkey
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Arna Church
Church building in Indre Arna in Bergen, Norway
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Our Lady of Ardilliers Church, Miquelon
Church located in Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon, in France
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Austrheim Church
Church building in Austrheim, Norway
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Herefoss Church
Church building in Birkenes, Agder, Norway
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church of St. Catherine
Religious building in Dnipro, Ukraine
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Lavik Church
Church building in Høyanger, Norway
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St Bartholomew's Church
Parish church in Ballsbridge on the Southside of Dublin
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Le Gesù
Arts centre and former church building in Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Frøya Church
Church in Vestland, Norway
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Westminster Chapel
Church building in Westminster, London, England, UK
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Bankeryd Church
Church of Sweden church building in Bankeryd, Sweden
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Shamian Christian Church
Church in Guangdong, China
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Sørkedalen Church
Church in Oslo, Norway
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Øre Church
Church building in Gjemnes, Møre og Romsdal, Norway
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St John's Church, Warminster
Church in Warminster, Wiltshire, England, UK
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Lindås Church
Church building in Alver, Norway
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All Saints' Church, Cheltenham
Grade I listed church in Cheltenham, Gloucestershire, England, UK
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St Mary's Church, Allithwaite
Grade II listed church in Lower Allithwaite, Westmorland and Furness, Cumbria , England, UK
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St Michael and All Angels Church, Polwatte
Church in Polwatte, Colombo Sri Lanka
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West Memorial Hall
Church in Caversham, Reading, Berkshire, England, UK
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Tabernacle Welsh Baptist Chapel
Baptist chapel in Cardiff
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Ashpole Presbyterian Church
Church building in North Carolina, United States of America
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Church of St James
Church building in Over Staveley, Westmorland and Furness, Cumbria, England, UK
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St Augustine's Church
Church in Penarth, south Wales
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All Saints Church
Church building in Dunedin, New Zealand
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Foster Memorial AME Zion Church
Church building in Tarrytown, United States of America
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Sports & Entertainment 7
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Bataclan
Theatre in Paris, France
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Nevada Theatre
Movie theater and former theater in Nevada City, California, United States
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Theatre Royal
Theatre in Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, England, UK
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Arbisteatern
Theatre in Norrköping, Sweden
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Menier Chocolate Factory
Theatre in Southwark, London, England, formerly a chocolate factory
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Madison Square Theatre
Former New York theatre
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New Theatre Comique
Defunct theatre building in Manhattan (728 Broadway)
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Empires & Countries 3
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Union dissolved
Union ceased to exist, having been centered at Washington, D.C..
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Yettishar founded
Yettishar was founded, with its capital at Kashgar.
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Shilluk Kingdom dissolved
Shilluk Kingdom ceased to exist, having been centered at Kodok.
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Dated to the wider period
Wikidata records this entry only to a century, decade or millennium rather than to a specific year. It is listed here because 1865 is where that broader date falls, not because it is known to have happened in 1865.
1860s 1
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Church of the Incarnation, Episcopal
Church building in Manhattan, New York
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